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 Introduction of Computer

 A computer is an electronic DATA PROCESSING Machine, operating under the control of instructions stored in its own memory that can accept data (input), process the data according to specified rules, produce information (output), and store the information for future use.

Input-Process-Output Model

Computer input is called data and the output obtained after processing it, based on user’s instructions is called information. Raw facts and figures which can be processed using arithmetic and logical operations to obtain information are called data. 

The basic parts of a computer are as follows −
  • Input Unit − Devices like keyboard and mouse that are used to input data and instructions to the computer are called input unit.
  • Output Unit − Devices like printer and visual display unit that are used to provide information to the user in desired format are called output unit.
  • Control Unit − As the name suggests, this unit controls all the functions of the computer. All devices or parts of computer interact through the control unit.
  • Arithmetic Logic Unit − This is the brain of the computer where all arithmetic operations and logical operations take place.
  • Memory − All input data, instructions and data interim to the processes are stored in the memory. Memory is of two types – primary memory and secondary memory. Primary memory resides within the CPU whereas secondary memory is external to it.

Full Name (Reading Materials)

PDA   (personal Digital Machine)
PC      (personal Computer)
DVD   (Digital Versatile Disk)
RAM  (Random Access Machine)
ROM   (Read Only Memory)
PROM (programmable  Read Only Memory)
EPROM (Erasable programmable  Read Only Memory)
OS    (operating system)
CUI  (command user Interface)
GUI  (Graphical user Interface)